![]() PHP supports many databases like MySQL, Solid, PostgreSQL, Oracle, Sybase, generic ODBC, etc. PHP stands for PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor is a widely used open-source server-side scripting language especially suited for creating dynamic websites and mobile APIs. ![]() How to terminate the execution of a script in PHP? What are the different ways of handling the result set of MySQL in PHP? What is Memcache and Memcached in PHP? Is it possible to share a single instance of a Memcache between several projects of PHP? What is the use of session_start() and session_destroy() functions in PHP? What are the steps to create a new database using MySQL and PHP? What is the meaning of a final method and a final class? What is the meaning of ‘escaping to PHP’? What is the difference between ASP.NET and PHP? What are cookies? How to create cookies in PHP? What is the difference between the include() and require() functions? What is the most used method for hashing passwords in PHP? What are the different types of Array in PHP? What is the difference between “echo” and “print” in PHP? What are the rules for naming a PHP variable? What are the different types of variables present in PHP? Explain the difference between $message and $$message. Differentiate between variables and constants in PHP Otherwise, the coalescing assignment operator will do nothing. It assigns the right operand to the left if the left operand is null. In this example, the ?= is the null coalescing assignment operator. To make it more concise, PHP 7.4 introduced the null coalescing assignment operator ( ?=): $counter ?= 0 Code language: PHP ( php ) The above statement repeats the variable $counter twice. The following example uses the null coalesing operator to assign the 0 to $counter if it is null or doesn’t exist: $counter = $counter ? 0 Code language: PHP ( php ) In this example, since the $fullname, $first, and $last doesn’t exist, the $name will take the 'John' value. $name = $fullname ? $first ? $last ? 'John' Įcho $name // 'John' Code language: PHP ( php ) PHP allows you to stack the null coalescing operators. Stacking the PHP Null coalescing operators Var_dump( null ? 'default') // default Code language: PHP ( php )Īs you can see clearly from the output, the ? operator is like a gate that doesn’t allow null to pass through. In the above example, if the variable name doesn’t exist in the $_POST array or it is null, the ? operator will assign the string 'John' to the $name variable. If the first operand is null or doesn’t exist, the null coalescing operator returns the second operand. In this example, the ? is the null coalescing operator. $name = $_POST ? 'John' Code language: PHP ( php ) To make it more convenient, PHP 7.0 added support for a null coalescing operator that is syntactic sugar of a ternary operator and isset():
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